A very modular railway setup that's meant to give your factory a defined shape. Tile them directly next to each other to have rails going both ways. The loading and unloading stations are designed for trains of the LLLCCCC format, though this is fairly easily changed. The grid will accommodate a few extra wagons, but not too many more. The flamethrower supply trains are of the LCC format.
The Grid has graduated from being merely an early draft, but there are still updates to come, and it may be necessary to fix the train routes occasionally. The Grid works fine as a unit, but when you need to lay track to outposts, you can use the double track segments. These will have to be capped by one of the turnarounds, which in itself can be used to give trains ways to get back onto a double track segment from the single rail grid of an outpost. I will add screenshots of this within the next few days.
There are developed defensive fortifications for all sides. They are rather formidable, though they could be enhanced further with belts on the outside (I don't like how that looks though, your choice). The train stations supplying these fortifications are all named the same, but also automated so that trains will not attempt to supply full ones. The flame turrets are currently set for Heavy Oil for the greatest efficiency, change settings on the combinator at the station, as well as on the filter inserters to switch oil type.
There is a fairly small but still pretty strong early game fortification (The one in the screenshot. It's the smallest grid piece and still fits large parts of your typical bootstrap base). Instead of running along the outside of the grid, it moves to the inside. You have less space, but even so there is still loads enough for a good number of assemblies or smelteries. You could even use this at endgame for cheap outposts. As the tracks run right outside your defensive walls, you could use trains to run down biters as well, adding some extra strength to the outposts. These small outposts have both laser and gun turrets, so that you can upgrade as you unlock and start building laser turrets. Before then, the number of gun turrets should allow you to survive even in Death Worlds. The gun turrets however need to be fed by hand, I thought that any attempt at automating this beyond requester chests would take up too much space immediately. Tracks do run along these turrets though, so you could simply plop some inserters down next to the track and slowly drive a train with a wagon full of ammo along the turrets and feed them that way every few days.
Changelog:
v1.1
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added Turnarounds
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added Straight Double Railway pieces, works with Turnarounds
v1.3
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fixed Turnarounds, some other issues
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replaced simple stops with more efficient designs. (Fluid loading and unloading to be added)