Based on the KoS starter base design, and edited by someone I cannot remember to be more efficient with the iron lines, these 3 starter base designs are based on using yellow belts, stone furnaces, and being satisfied with only 50 science per minute. During the building and testing of this in a vanilla game, by the time I run out of things to research, I am bringing the next color of research online. The three blueprints are as follows:
Red/Green Starter Base: 6 assemblers of Red science, 7 assemblers of Green science, this base also will store boxes of commonly used materials, including yellow belts, undergrounds, splitters, as well as inserters, Assembler 2's, Electric Miners, Iron Gears, Green Circuits, but the edited layout from KoS's original will also produce red belts and red undergrounds (though slowly, not meant for high capacity production, just enough to get you off the ground) and steel. When run at full capacity, there is 0 backup of iron, and usually will remain running at full capacity until a few of the chests fill up with items. I actually had to hand craft some electric miners because the iron wasn't reaching that point.
Red/Green/Military Starter Base: This base can be laid right on top of the R/G base, as it adds smelters alongside the original smelter and even uses the steel made from the first base to make Medium Power Poles and Big Power Poles. Other than this, the rest of the base is designed around producing Military Science. I prefer to make the Military before the Blue Science since it is something that I can quickly build with this blueprint and research while I'm working on getting my oil processing built. This uses 6 assemblers of Grey Science which matches the speed of the Red and Green science production.
Red/Green/Blue/Military Starter Base: This base, just like the previous base, can be laid over top of the first base. While you can just place this at the start, many of the assemblers will not have recipes attached to them since you have not researched them at the start of the game. The Gears and Green Science are a bit spaghetti at places, but the end result of 14 assemblers making Blue Science is approximately the same rate as the Red/Green/Military science production. At full production, one of the Iron smelt lines only runs 30% of the time, and the copper never hits full capacity, but I just built full smelt lines for symmetry. The oil processing consists of one refinery and cracking from heavy to light to petroleum. The math worked out beautifully, asking for one refinery worth of cracked down petroleum to supply the red circuits. When you first build this factory, you will of course not have advanced oil processing, but the tanks will handle your heavy/light oil until you get your oil cracking.
Note on these bases. These are meant to demonstrate to a beginner the proper flow and ratios of materials for various sciences, and by far the most efficient methods are either building a bus of material or having train logistics moving material from one processing plant to another. These bases are also great for just getting your science off the ground while you go forth and build your Mall, Megabases, Train logistics, or whatever other strategy you are using. As this only produces 50 spm of the first 4 sciences, it is not a good long term solution, but it is good for getting most of your starter technology off the ground. The original concept credit should go to Katherine of Sky, for building a starter base with an integrated mini mall. Maybe someone will take this idea and refine it or make a more fleshed out starter base from it.